Answer: Option A. Decrease in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Explanation:
ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme present in the inner membrane that catalyse the production of ATP from ADP and phosphate which is driven by protons present in the gradients of electron transport chain.
When ATP synthase is inhibited by metabolic poison, it will cause a decrease in the pH of the space between the mitondondrial membranes.
Answer:
Glomerular Hydrostatic pressure
.
Explanation:
The basic function of the kidney is the formation of urine for elimination through the urinary excretory system. Two different processes determine this formation: the filtration of fluid through the glomerular capillaries into Bowman's space and the modification of the volume and composition of the glomerular filtrate in the renal tubules. The fluid passes from the glomerular capillaries to Bowman's capsule due to the existence of a pressure gradient between these two areas. This process is favored by two structural characteristics that make renal corpuscles particularly effective filtration membranes: glomerular capillaries have a much higher number of pores than other capillaries, and the efferent arteriole has a smaller diameter than the afferent arteriole, causing greater resistance to outflow of blood flow from the glomerulus and increasing glomerular hydrostatic pressure. Increased glomerular hydrostatic pressure (due to increased blood flow through the glomerulus) increases filtration, while increases in Bowman's hydrostatic pressure or urinary space (which remains constant, unless there is disease at that level, usually due to fibrosis) and plasma P. oncotic (determined by proteins, which tend to "drag" plasma into the glomerulus) decrease filtering. Resulting in a filtering pressure of 10 mmHg.
Answer:
Mitochondria.
Explanation:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which the neuron died due to mutation in superoxide dismutase 1 gene. This disease is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.
Mitochondria structure is disorganized in ALS. The ubiquitin protein mutation leads to the malfunctioning of mitochondria and misfolded proteins are made in the mitochondria.
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
Answer:
Selective breeding.
Explanation:
Selective breeding method is used in order to produce more bushes that have the same kind of berries. In this method, Saskatoon bush which is a wild bush can be crossed with another bush belongs to the same family so the new seeds produced having the characteristics of Saskatoon bush and is able to produce large and sweet berries just like berries of Saskatoon bush.