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<u>A</u><u>nswer:</u></h2>
<u>Translation:</u> process of protein formation is called translation .
In the process of translation, a cell reads information from a molecule called a messenger RNA and uses this information to build a protein. Translation involves “decoding” a messenger RNA and using its information to build a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids
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Translation involve three major steps
• Initiation ("beginning"): in this stage, the ribosome gets together with the mRNA and the first tRNA so translation can begin.
• Elongation ("middle"): in this stage, amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNAs and linked together to form a poly peptide chain.
•Termination ("end"): in the last stage of translation, the finished polypeptide is released to go and do its job in the cell.
<u>Organelles involve in translation:</u>
Ribosomes: main process of translation occour at ribosomes.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum: ribosomes are located on rough endoplasmicreticulum .it bound proteins in the vesicles.Vesicles containing proteins are budded off into cytoplasm and move toward golgi apparatus for further modification .
Golgi apparatus: synthesisezed proteins are not functional . In golgi apperatus they are further modefied and processed and stored for a short time and then released toward destination.
That is because being prokaryotic or eukaryotic doesn't depend on the size of the organism, but rather on the cellular structure. Both are eukaryotic because they have clearly defined nuclei and functioning organelles that are differentiated, unlike prokaryotic organisms.
Answer:
Cell size is limited by a cell's surface area to volume ratio. A smaller cell is more effective and transporting materials, including waste products, than a larger cell. Cells come in many different shapes. A cell's function is determined, in part, by its shape.
Answer;
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder that is characterized by insoluble collagen being formed and accumulating excessively in the tissues.
Explanation;
This disorder features thickened skin that can involve scarring, blood vessel problems, varying degrees of inflammation and pain, and is normally associated with an overactive immune system. It is regarded as an autoimmune condition, as the body produces too much collagen, causing the skin and connective tissue to thicken.
Looking at the food chain & relationships between organisms can give you a good idea of theoretical cause and effects.
For example:
Starfish are the natural predators of the mussel. If the starfish, that eat the mussels, were to be taken out of the picture: there would most likely be a higher population of mussels.
