The sensory cells present on our retina that are responsible for our vision are known as rod cells and cone cells. Rod cells do not allow us to see in color, only black and white, and are better in low-light conditions. Cone cells are responsible for our ability to see colors but are bad in low-light conditions. Cone cells are able to sense red, green and blue colors. When one type of the cells will be stimulated, the remaining will show an "afterimage" due to the overstimulation of the complementary cells.
Lactose is more likely to be utilised by E. Coli than Arabinose because Lactose will yield more energy (ATP) and lactose breakdown will give glucose and galactose and these will enter into the glycolytic pathways to pyruvate for ATP generation until Arabinose which will undergo Pentose phosphate pathway and this does not produce enough energy.