Answer:
A) Chloroplasts transform light energy into chemical energy.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are plastids, cellular organelles inherent in plant cells, which contain a green pigment, chlorophyll, by which they perform photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process in which, with the help of chlorophyll, solar energy is converted into chemical energy in order to use that chemical energy (ATP) for the synthesis of organic matter from inorganic matter (CO2 and H2O).
The cell nucleus acts like the brain of the cell. It helps control eating, movement, and reproduction. It contains the genetic material and controls the function of the cell.
<h2>Scurvy </h2>
Explanation:
(a) Collagen is the major structural component of cartilage,bones and tendons
- The basic unit of collagen is tropocollagen and each tropocollagen consists of three coiled left handed polypeptide chains called α chains
- Generally each α chain consists of a repeating tripeptide sequence called: G-X-Y
- Here G represents glycine; X represents proline and Y represents hydroxyproline
- Rigidity of collagen molecule is due to presence of proline and hydroxyproline
- Hydroxylation of proline is catalysed by prolyl hydroxylase enzyme which use ascorbate,α ketoglutarate and oxygen
- α ketoglutarate is oxidatively decarboxylated to form carbon dioxide and succinate
- Sequence of events leading from a dietary vitamin C deficiency to symptoms such as bruising and breakdown of supporting tissues includes: tissue levels of ascorbic acid is low; enzyme prolyl hydroxylase is inactive; proline is not hydroxylated; the triple helix is inadequately stabilized; collagen breaks down; defects in tissues that depend on collagen
; tissues that depend on collagen are subject to breakdown and bruising
(b) Sailors are no longer susceptible to scurvy because fresh fruits which are the source of vitamin C source are available now
British sailors called "limeys" to this day,this term reflects the British navy's use of limes
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which is what makes plants green. Onions are not green because they do not contain chloroplasts. The reason they do not have chloroplasts is because in the chloroplast, photosynthesis takes place. A key player in the process of photosynthesis is the sun. The onion itself grows underground which means while they grow they do not come into contact with the sun so chloroplasts in an onion is pointless since they can’t undergo photosynthesis. Hope I helped!
