Answer:
The actions of Tiberius Gracchus changed the Roman Republic as he angered the Senate by proposing that Rome divide public lands among the returning military and their families.
Explanation:
The land issue was a hot topic in Rome at this time. Citizens serving in the army were expected to remain in the army until a special campaign was completed, sometimes for years. Because of this, they were unable to work on their farms, and often went bankrupt. Much of the land was bought by the wealthy, to create latifundia, a slave-dominated mansion. When the troops returned to Rome, they had no livelihood.
In 133, Tiberius, as the plebis tribunal, proposed measures under the name Lex Sempronia agraria. Under these, the state would take possession of land previously won in war from anyone holding more than 500 jugera (about 310 acres, 1.3 km²). It could then be distributed to the veterans.
This meant that many of Rome's wealthiest people would lose vast lands, and they faced fierce opposition. As parliament did not agree to the bill, Tiberius approached the people at the Concilium Plebis, where he was supported. Senators persuaded another tribunal, Marcus Octavius, to try to block the measure, but Tiberius threw him out of the meeting, who then voted to dismiss him as a tribunal.
The measure was passed, but parliament gave very little money to implement it. However, in late 133 BC Attalus III, king of Pergamum died, leaving all his wealth to Rome. Tiberius used his position as a tribune to earmark this money to put his measure into action.
