Answer:
Stomata are the organs present on the stem and leaves of the plant and help in the gaseous exchange and evaporating water present in the aerial parts of the plant. Mainly leaves stomata plays role in gaseous exchange and transpiration which is the evaporation of the aerial water of plants by opening and closing the stomata. Stomata are small pores mostly and normally present under the leaves and regulated by the guard cells, dum bell shaped cells to close or close it.
Other than closing and opening the stomata, stomata density also can affect the rate of gas exchange as well as transpiration. Stomata density is the presence of the numbers of the stomata per unit area. In heat or sunny area the stomata density is higher than the shady or dark area to increase the transpiration in order to cool down the leaves of the plant which prevent the chloroplast proteins to denature.
Answer:
respiration
Explanation:
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I believe the answer is C but I’m not completely sure
Answer:
According to Dr. Ray Schiling (member of the American Academy of Anti-aging medicine) about 1.5 million people suffer from peanut allergies. The seeds of peanut (<em>Arachis hypogea</em>) contain an array of allergens that can induce the production of IgE specific antibodies predisposed individuals. Ara1 and Ara2 are most common seed storage protein that cause allergy. Other allergen proteins such as Ara3 to Ara 17 have also been identified that cause allergy.
Entry of peanut allergen into body
When peanut allergens enter the body of an individuals it leads to development of different symptoms like itchy skin, tingling sensation, nausea, runny nose and anaphylaxis.
Allergic response
There are two subsets of T-cells Th1 and Th2. Both invoke different response to allergens. Th1 direct a non-allergic response while Th2 direct allergic response ranging from releasing of histamine to anaphylactic response. The presence of IL-12 cytokines direct a Th1 based, nonspecific response.
Mechanism of allergic response (interaction between helper T cell and B cell)
Step 1.
When allergen enter to body they are encountered by B cells. Immunoglobulin receptors on the surface of B cells recognize antigen (Peanut allergens) and get attached, which are then internalized and processed. Within B cells the fragments of antigens combine with HLA class 2 proteins.
Step 2
HLA class 2 with antigen fragments (peanut allergens) then display on the surface of B cells.
Step 3
Receptors on the surface of helper T cells recognizes the complex of HLA class 2 and antigen fragments (peanut allergen) and is activated to produce cytokines, which activate the B cells.
Step 4
B cell is activated by cytokines and begins clonal expansion. Some of the progeny become anti-body producing plasma cells while other become memory B cells.
Answer:
Asexual plant propagation methods produce new plants from vegetative parts of the original plant, such as the leaves, stems and roots. These methods are generally referred to as vegetative propagation.
<h3>e.g. rhizome, bulb, tuber etc</h3>
<h2>Hope it helps you!!</h2>
