I believe the answer is earthquakes.
Answer: They originated in Europe after the Middle Ages.
Explanation:
Absolute monarchies arose under the absolute rule of kings. The best example of an absolutist monarchy and rule is France and its King Louis XIV. The king removed all obstacles to have complete control over the state. He surrounded himself with proven and obedient people and thus ensured absolute rule.
An example of a limited monarchy can be found in England. The parliament decides a country in which there is a king but no absolute power, but the country's political situation. A limited monarchy is the British's effort to avoid complete control of one man in the state.
Dams are important because:
They provide water for domestic, industry and irrigation purposes.
Dams often also provide hydroelectric power production and river navigation.
Domestic use includes everyday activities such as water for drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, and lawn and garden watering.
Dams and their reservoirs provide recreation areas for fishing and boating.
They help people by reducing or preventing floods. During times of excess water flow, dams store water in the reservoir; then they release water during times of low flow.
It is formed through pyroclastic rock fragments as it builds up it makes a cinder cone. I hope that helps...