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fomenos
2 years ago
9

Could someone please help me with question 21

Biology
1 answer:
Masja [62]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

22

Explanation:

the egg of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes, a somatic cell of a rabbit would contain twice as many chromosomes, for a total of 44

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It is mentioned that energy utilized for exercises comes from the breakdown of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Please explain the
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Answer & explanation:

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule made up of <u>one adenosine molecule</u> and <u>three phosphate radicals</u> (P) capable of storing small amounts of energy (from the breakdown of food) in their chemical bonds, acting as a temporary energy container.

ATP is directly linked to cell metabolic processes such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis. When cells need energy, for the sodium-potassium pump, for example, the ATP molecule breaks down.

This breakdown is made by hydrolysis (ATP breaks using water), so the bond between the phosphate group 2 and the phosphate group 3 breaks down, leaving one Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) molecule, which has two phosphate radicals.

At the end of the process the energy that kept the phosphate groups bound is released and used in processes such as <u>stretching and shortening of muscle fibers</u>, nerve impulses and hormonal regulation. These processes utilize the active energy released by ATP hydrolysis.

ATP - ADP conversion is the fundamental way to get energy because the cell cannot use the glucose molecule directly.

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3 years ago
A science researcher has developed a computer model of the process of DNA replication in a eukaryotic cell. The model includes t
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Answer:  Identify the promoter and the stop signal (terminator).

Explanation:

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. This information is used for the synthesis of proteins that make up the body and carry out vital functions of the organism.

The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure, where each strand has a central part formed by sugars (deoxyribose in the case of DNA) and phosphate groups. The four basic components of DNA are nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The nucleotides are joined together (A to T and G to C) by chemical bonds and form base pairs that connect the two strands of DNA. Depending on the sequence of nucleotides (which have different bases), different proteins are synthesized.

<u>DNA replication consists of synthesizing another identical DNA molecule, using enzymes called polymerases, which are molecules specifically dedicated only to copy DNA. Transcription, on the other hand, is the process by which a copy of messenger RNA (mRNA) is generated from the sequence of a gene in the DNA. </u>This RNA molecule leaves the cell nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, where it directs protein synthesis (a polymer made up of many amino acids).

<u>Protein synthesis, or translation, involves translating the sequence of an mRNA molecule into an amino acid sequence during protein synthesis.</u> The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding sequence of amino acids it encodes. To begin translation, a start codon (set of 3 bases) must first be identified, which is usually AUG that also codes for the amino acid methionine. Then, the codons that follow are read and the corresponding amino acids are added according to the genetic code. The transfer RNA (tRNA) is complementary to the anticodon at specific codons in the messenger RNA and carries the amino acid coding for the codon. In addition, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is an RNA that is part of ribosomes and is essential for protein synthesis in all living things. rRNAs form the framework of ribosomes and associate with specific proteins to form ribosomal pre-subunits. To finish the translation, a termination codon has to be read, which can be UGA, UAG or UAA.

To revise the model to show transcription to form mRNA, the research should identify the promoter and the stop signal. The promoter is a DNA sequence required to turn a gene on or off. The transcription process starts at the promoter which is usually located near the beginning of a gene and has a binding site for the enzyme that is used to make a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The enzyme RNA polymerase will keep doing the transcription until it reaches a sequence of DNA that is signal which indicates it should stop. This process is called termination, and it happens once the enzyme reaches this sequence, called terminator.

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3 years ago
2. Most mutations are "silent." What does this mean?​
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Explanation:

Silent mutations occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein.

8 0
2 years ago
Glucose is a molecule that can move across the cell membrane. If the concentration of glucose is higher outside the cell than in
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It seems That teh molecules can move towards the membrane

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3 years ago
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In a cell undergoing mitosis, chromatin fibers lengthen, the mitotic spindle is broken down, and nuclei start to
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Answer:
Cytokinesis
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It is the first stage


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