Rechecked.
you can't fully rely on a secondary source unless it has been rechecked
In its second messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called kinases, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
<h3>What is a kinase?</h3>
A kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of phosphate group and thus regulates cell signaling.
Moreover, phosphatases are enzyme that catalyze the removal of a phosphate group in a protein.
In conclusion, in its second messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called kinases, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
Learn more about phosphatases here:
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The answer is; producing a unique antibody from all other B cells by genomic rearrangement.
An isolated B cell produces monoclonal antibodies (also called Immunoglobulins). Different B cell types produce different types of antibodies (hence the serum of an animal has polyclonal antibodies). Memory B cells are developed when a particular infection is eradicated by the immune system. These B cells proliferate when the infection returns by producing the same antibodies that were effective against the foreign entity.
The type of learning that the young sea otter used to be able to perform this task is social learning.
This means that the young otter learned what it is supposed to do from its surroundings - and what is surrounding it is its society of other otters. It is social learning because the otter didn't learn on its own that it needs to break open shells in order to eat what is inside, but rather it saw what the other otters were doing and thus learned it.
I think the answer you are looking for is that the stomach is the fourth level of organization.
