Soil scientists use the capital letters O, A, B, C, and E to identify the master soil horizons<span>, and lowercase letters for distinctions of these horizons. Most soils have three major horizons: the surface horizon (A), the subsoil (B), and the substratum (C). Some soils have an organic horizon (O) on the surface, but such a horizon can also be buried. The master horizon, E, is used for subsurface horizons that have a significant loss of minerals (eluviation). Hard bedrock, which is not soil, uses the letter R.</span>
Cry Shape HeartyAnswer:Cry Shape Hearty
Cry Shape HeartyCry Shape Hearty
Cry Shape HeartyExplanation:Cry Shape Hearty
Cry Shape HeartyCry Shape Hearty
I'm not sure what you're asking, but if you're looking for a word to describe this change its "mutation"
Given
E dominant allele for wet
e recessive allele for dry
that means
for phenotype wet, the possible genotypes are EE, or Ee, and
for phenotype dry, the only possible genotype is ee.
Therefore we also know that the child who has dry earwax has genotype ee.
Since the child inherits one allele from each parent, therefore each parent must have a recessive allele "e".
If both parents have phenotype wet earwax, they both must be heterozygous for wet/dry earwax, namely Ee.
Answer:
The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.
Explanation:
The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,
- The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
- The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
- In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.
- When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.
- The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.
- The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.
- The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.
In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.
The parameters are always constant:
• r1: prey growth rate.
• a1: predator hunting success.
• r2: predator growth rate.
• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.
In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.
In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.
