s - orbitals have a spherical symmetry and the probability of finding an electron in an s orbital is equal for equal distance in x, y or z direction. i mean the probability of lets say an electron found at a distance 10 units from nuclues, its value will be same for x, y and z when u go 10 units distnace from nucleus in these directions. then the value at 5 units would be some value which also would be same for x,y and z.
Easier explanation is that if u place a ball, can u tell towards which axis it is oriented? no, its equally in all directions. So, non- directional.
However, if you have p- orbitals like dumb bells, a dumb bell can be oriented in three different directions, either x or y or z. see the pics.
Answer:
it's food engineering obviously
20. Would be the right answer
Step 1: write the equation:
P₄(s) + 6F₂(g) → 4PF₃(g)
Step 2: Molar mass of P₄ = 30.97 g/mol × 4 = 123.88 g/mol
Step 3: Number of moles of phosphorus
n = m/M
n = 8.5 g/123.88g/mol
n = 0.07 moles
Step 4: 0.07 × 12 = 0.84 moles of fluorine.
Fluorine is diatomic gas so we multiplied the number of moles by 12.
Step 5: To find the mass of fluorine we multiply the number of moles with the molar mass.
Mass of fluorine = 0.84 × 228
= 191.52 grams.