Answer:
The prolonged electrical depolarization of cardiac muscle cells -that occurs during contraction- is due primarily to the persistent influx of calcium ion
Explanation:
The action potential of the heart muscle is longer with respect to skeletal muscle (around 300 milliseconds), and this is due to the activity of calcium (Ca⁺⁺ ) in the intracellular compartment.
The initial depolarization of cardiac muscle fiber depends on the entry of sodium (Na⁺) into the cell. However, for the action potential to occur and be maintained, Ca⁺⁺ must increase its cytoplasmic levels, which depends on:
- The increase in intracellular sodium induces the release of Ca⁺⁺ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
- Calcium entry from the extracellular space through the voltage dependent Ca⁺⁺ channels.
- The entry of extracellular Ca⁺⁺ causes the release of more Ca⁺⁺ ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, further increasing its intracellular concentration.
This is how the ion that guarantees the duration of the action potential of the cardiac muscle cell is the Ca⁺⁺.
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Calcium, sodium and cardiac muscle cells brainly.com/question/4473795
The answer is D because its comparing and the other will just be listing
Answer:
<em>Kreb cycle occurs in mitochondrial matrix and electron transport system occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.</em>
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Reconstruction failed by most other measures: Radical Republican legislation ultimately failed to protect former slaves from white persecution and failed to engender fundamental symmetrical to the social fabric of the South. When President Rutherford B. federalism debate that had been an issue since the 1790s almost symmetrical . Hayes removed federal troops from the South in 1877, former Confederate officials and slave returned to With the support of a conservative Supreme Court, these newly empowered white southern politicians passed black codes, voter qualifications, and other anti-progressive legislation to reverse the rights that blacks had gained during Radical Reconstruction. The U.S. Supreme Court bolstered this federalism anti-progressive movement federalism with decisions in the Slaughterhouse Cases, the Civil Rights Cases, and United States v.
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