Smartphone applications can offer real-time, customized interventions for quitting smoking. The current study evaluates the efficacy of a smartphone-based smoking cessation application that gave messages customized to current smoking lapse risk and specific lapse triggers and assessed risk for impending smoking lapse numerous times per day.
- A safety-net hospital's smoking cessation program recruited participants (N=59) who underwent five phone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) every day for three weeks in a row.
- A new weighted lapse risk estimator was used to evaluate the risk of smoking lapse in real-time.
- Participants in each EMA received messages that were customized to their level of risk for an impending smoking lapse as well as their self-reported presence of smoking urges, stress, access to cigarettes, and motivation to quit.
- Using generalized linear mixed model analysis, it was assessed if communications that were specifically targeted towards lapse risk variables resulted in bigger decreases in these triggers than messages that weren't.
<h3>What results can we observe?</h3>
- In general, communications that were specifically matched to smoking urge, cigarette availability, or stress resulted in higher decreases in those triggers than messages that were not (p's=0.02 to 0.001).
- When only instances of high stress were included in the analysis, the connection between messages adapted to stress and higher reductions in stress than messages not tailored to stress was non-significant (p=0.892).
<h3>What can be concluded?</h3>
- Mobile technology can be utilized to deliver personalized treatment information and do real-time smoking lapse risk assessments.
- Findings offer the first concrete proof that customized material may have an effect on users' stress levels, temptation to smoke, and access to cigarettes.
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Answer:
The term "going public" refers to:
a. action taken by a president to communicate directly with the people in order to influence public opinion and put pressure on Congress.
Explanation:
When a president goes public, that means he addresses the people directly in order to "sell" his programs. That is, instead of presenting his policy agendas to the Congress, the president presents it to the people first. By doing so, the president is able to get the people on his side, which pressures the Congress. However, such a tactic offers risk. If a president fails after "going public", he may appear ineffective.
Answer:
genes may have a stronger effect than familial environment on some talent.
Explanation:
In Reproductions, there is a transfers chemically coded hereditary information contained in DNA deoxyribonucleic acid is transferred from parents to offspring. Heredity is commonly defined as passing traits from parent to offspring.
Genetics
This is the study of how traits are being passed down or inherited from parent to offspring via DNA, simply called genes
Genes
This are found in certain positions on specific chromosomes. They carry the trait that is expressed (e.g. short, tall, straight hair,math skills etc.) Skills e.g maths skills can be an inheritance from the birth parents.
Answer:
an intense build up of gas and pressure
