b) The side lengths of a 30-60-90 right triangle have the ratio ...
1 : √3 : 2
Multiplying these by 4 gives the side lengths of each triangle created by the diagonal. The base (short leg) is 4 units; the height (long leg) is 4√3 units.
Sensitivity analysis is the study of how the uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system (numerical or otherwise) can be divided and allocated to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs.