The declaration was never recognized by either the United States or Spain. Later in 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish–American War.
"<span>D. Regardless of the strength of the emperors, the
Roman army was unable to hold back barbarian invasions from the south
and west" is the correct answer, although there were many smaller factors as well. </span>
