Answer:
1. International - 2. Political conflict - 3. The Enlightenment - 4. Social antagonisms - 5. Ineffective ruler - 6. Economic hardship
Explanation:
International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state
- Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy
- The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.
- Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie
- Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI
- Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.
The dutch accepted china's restrictions on trade; the british didn't. british refused to preform the "kowtow" ritual
This slogan created a feeling of nationalism in Europe
Explanation:
People who followed a traditional and rural way of life must be liberated. Nobility is considered to be the wealthy class in France and the difference between the rich and the poor must be eliminated.
The idea behind this slogan is to enable the entire citizens feel that they are bound together with the feeling of nationalism. During French revolution bastille prisons were filled civilians and there was a huge unrest and guillotines which continues at that time.
Its 4.] A group of nobles led a revolt to overthrow the king.
