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AysviL [449]
3 years ago
8

In how many ways can we seat 3 pairs of siblings in a row of 7 chairs, so that nobody sits next to their sibling

Mathematics
1 answer:
monitta3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

1,968

Step-by-step explanation:

Let x₁ and x₂, y₁ and y₂, and z₁ and z₂ represent the 3 pairs of siblings, and let;

Set X represent the set where the siblings x₁ and x₂ sit together

Set Y represent the set where the siblings y₁ and y₂ sit together

Set Z represent the set where the siblings z₁ and z₂ sit together

We have;

Where the three siblings don't sit together given as X^c∩Y^c∩Z^c

By set theory, we have;

\left | X^c \cap Y^c \cap Z^c  \right | = \left | X^c \cup Y^c \cup Z^c  \right | =  \left | U  \right | - \left | X \cup Y \cup Z  \right |

\left | U  \right | - \left | X \cup Y \cup Z  \right | = \left | U  \right | - \left (\left | X \right | +  \left | Y\right | +  \left | Z\right | -  \left | X \cap Y\right | -  \left | X \cap Z\right | -  \left | Y\cap Z\right | +  \left | X \cap Y \cap Z\right | \right)

Therefore;

\left | X^c \cap Y^c \cap Z^c  \right | = \left | U  \right | - \left (\left | X \right | +  \left | Y\right | +  \left | Z\right | -  \left | X \cap Y\right | -  \left | X \cap Z\right | -  \left | Y\cap Z\right | +  \left | X \cap Y \cap Z\right | \right)

Where;

\left | U\right | = The number of ways the 3 pairs of siblings can sit on the 7 chairs = 7!

\left | X\right | = The number of ways x₁ and x₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 6!

\left | Y\right | = The number of ways y₁ and y₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 6!

\left | Z\right | = The number of ways z₁ and z₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 6!

\left | X \cap Y\right | = The number of ways x₁ and x₂ and y₁ and y₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 2 × 5!

\left | X \cap Z\right | = The number of ways x₁ and x₂ and z₁ and z₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 2 × 5!

\left | Y \cap Z\right | = The number of ways y₁ and y₂ and z₁ and z₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 2 × 5!

\left | X \cap Y \cap Z\right | = The number of ways x₁ and x₂,  y₁ and y₂ and z₁ and z₂ can sit together on the 7 chairs = 2 × 2 × 2 × 4!

Therefore, we get;

\left | X^c \cap Y^c \cap Z^c  \right | = 7! - (2×6! + 2×6! + 2×6! - 2 × 2 × 5! - 2 × 2 × 5! - 2 × 2 × 5! + 2 × 2 × 2 × 4!)

\left | X^c \cap Y^c \cap Z^c  \right | = 5,040 - 3072 = 1,968

The number of ways where the three siblings don't sit together given as \left | X^c \cap Y^c \cap Z^c  \right |  = 1,968

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Complete question is;

An automobile manufacturer is concerned about a possible recall of its best - selling four-door sedan. If there were a recall, there is a probability of 0.25 of a defect in the brake system, 0.18 of a defect in the transmission, 0.17 of a defect in the fuel system, and 0.40 of a defect in some other area.

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P(B' ⋃ F') = 1 - P(B ⋃ F)

Plugging in relevant value;

P(B' ⋃ F') = 1 - 0.27

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