Answer:
This question lacks options, however, primary succession will be explained for detailed comprehension.
Explanation:
Ecological succession is the gradual series of changes that occurs in an ecosystem, charging it's structure and composition over time. It is of two types namely; primary and secondary successions.
Primary succession is characterized by the "LACK OF NO SOIL". It begins on a barren piece of land e.g rocks, with no form of life previously known to colonize the area. In primary succession, the barren land is first colonized by organisms such as lichens etc., which are collectively regarded to as PIONEER SPECIES.
Animal cells do not have cell walls because they do not need them. Cell walls, which are found in plant cells, maintain cell shape, almost as if each cell has its own exoskeleton.
<span>Photosynthesis can be compared to making a collage. You take pictures and sometimes you cut them to fit into the shape your are making. The pictures are the CO2. The glue you use to put the pictures together is the H2O or water. You use H2O and CO2 to form the shape. The thing that makes it possible for the work of art to be created are your hands. Your hands is the light that makes photosynthesis possible.</span>
The answer to your question is :Alpha Centauri
Parasitism.
Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship where the host (the organism that houses the parasite) does not benefit in any way, only the parasite.
Hope it helped,
Happy homework/ study/ exam!