Answer:
Immediately, the pathogen has been recognized:
Macrophages acts as the first line of defence by engulfing pathogens identified by antigens which will now present the antibody shape to a helper T cell.
The Helper T cells produce a signal to plasma and Memory B cells to yield antibodies that attach to the antigens. The cytotoxic cells that leads to cell death are activated by the helper T cells.
Antibodies helps to immobilize pathogen for macrophage to feed on.
if the pathogen comes back a 2nd time the memory cells helps in quick and efficient recovery by producing the specific B and T cells for the antigen.
Answer:
Decrease in genetic diversity reduces the chance of variation in the offspring.
Explanation:
If there is no variation, there will be no evolution. So, if there is a change in the environment (like an outbreak of a disease) that affects one of the organisms, it is likely to affect all of them and destroy the whole population. This would lead to extinction.
Natural system is former when various components get grouped together for a particular function
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Nutrition wise euglena is a producer, but locomotion wise it is classified as animal. Other example is chlamydomonas
Answer:
homozygous recessive
Explanation:
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder. It means that the trait is caused due to the presence of a recessive allele. The recessive alleles are expressed only in homozygous recessive genotypes. Individuals that express the disorder cystic fibrosis should have two copies of a recessive allele of the gene, that is, the genotype should be homozygous recessive.
If "C" allele is the normal healthy allele and "c" allele is cystic fibrosis allele, the genotype of the affected individual would be "cc".
