Immigration and emigration is typically done with the purpose of looking forward to a better and more prosperous life, a more comfortable life where the money you earn can last you a pretty long time and buy you enough thing to live more comfortable than where you used to live. Therefore, when you move to a prosperous country, having children is not something you’ll worry about given to the commodities you’ll have and the easy access to baby food and baby clothes and stuff, therefore, when people emigrate/immigrate to more prosperous countries, they’re comfortable with the idea of having more children, and that leading to population growth.
Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
The presence of the minute growth near the disc signifies that the bacterial innoculum contains mutant microorganisms that are able to grow in the presence of toxic substances.
<h3>What are zones of inhibition?</h3>
The sensitivity testing in a microbiology laboratory is done to determine the effect of antibiotics on various bacteria organisms
The zone of inhibition when a disk method is used signifies the area of media where bacteria are unable to grow, due to presence of a drug that impedes their growth.
If there are presence of minute growth near the disc, it means that the bacterial innoculum contains mutant microorganisms that are able to grow in the presence of toxic substances such as disinfectants.
If these mutant bacteria organisms are not cleared by the disk method, it means that they cannot be killed by the disinfectant/antiseptics that is being tested.
Learn more about antiseptics here:
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