<span>The </span>second law of thermodynamics<span> states that the total entropy cannot decrease, </span>only<span> increase. This is why </span>living organisms<span> give off thermal energy: they lower their entropy, but the total entropy increases.</span>
Explanation:
1) The enzyme helicase catalyses the unwinding of the two DNA strands by disrupting the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.
2) Single-stranded binding proteins attach to the DNA strands to stabilise them and prevent them from joining back together.
3) The enzyme primase catalyses the addition of a short primer consisting of RNA nulceotides to the DNA strand. This serves as an 'anchor' DNA polymerase to initiate replication.
4) The enzyme DNA polymerase synthesizes a new DNA strand by incorporating DNA nucleotides complementary to the existing strand. DNA polymerase activity only occurs in the 5' ---> 3' direction.
5) The enzyme ligase catalyses the formation of hydrogen bonds between the two new pairs of DNA strands, and seals any breakages in the sugar-phosphate backbone.
Answer:
<em>The correct option is D) It does nothing to protect the atmosphere over Antarctica.</em>
Explanation:
On December 1, 1959, the Antarctic Treaty was signed in Washington. According to this treaty, Antarctica was to be used for peaceful purposes. This treaty regulates international relations with the Antarctica region. Freedom to different scientists for research in this area was given through this treaty.
However, the treaty did not discuss anything related to the protection of the atmosphere around Antarctica. Hence, option D can be considered to be a limitation of the Antarctic Treaty System.
Answer:
The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can be done by digestive enzymes, hydrochloric acid. Mechanical digestion in the stomach results in the formation of bolus.
Explanation:
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