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Scilla [17]
3 years ago
9

What is mechanical digestion ​

Biology
2 answers:
Angelina_Jolie [31]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Mechanical digestion involves physically breaking down food substances into smaller particles to more efficiently undergo chemical digestion. The role of chemical digestion is to further degrade the molecular structure of the ingested compounds by digestive enzymes into a form that is absorbable into the bloodstream.

Explanation:

Daniel [21]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Mechanical digestion involves physically breaking down food substances into smaller particles to more efficiently undergo chemical digestion. The role of chemical digestion is to further degrade the molecular structure of the ingested compounds by digestive enzymes into a form that is absorbable into the bloodstream.

Explanation:

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40 points please answer the two questions in the picture!!
nikdorinn [45]

Answer:

it's going to be called nucleotides

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3 years ago
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How many chromosomes does a body cell for the organism (egg and sperm) have?
DiKsa [7]
Growth and repair
creation of gametes (sex cells)
method of reproduction in unicellular organisms
Binary Fission - type of reproduction that occurs in bacterial cells, single celled organism splits and becomes two identical organisms

Chromosomes and DNA

Chromosomes are DNA wrapped around proteins to form an X-shaped structure.



The diagram will help you see the relationship.

1. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus
2. Chromosomes are made of DNA
3. Sections of chromosomes are called genes



DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid (it is the genetic code that contains all the information needed to build and maintain an organism)





Chromosome Structure







Chromosome Numbers

Each organism has a distinct number of chromosomes, in humans, every cell contains 46 chromosomes. Other organisms have different numbers, for instance, a dog has 78 chromosomes per cell.

Somatic Cells - body cells, such as muscle, skin, blood ...etc. These cells contain a complete set of chromosomes (46 in humans) and are called DIPLOID.

Sex Cells - also known as gametes. These cells contain half the number of chromosomes as body cells and are called HAPLOID

Chromosomes come in pairs, called Homologous Pairs (or homologs). Imagine homologs as a matching set, but they are not exacly alike, like a pair of shoes.

Diploid cells have 23 homologous pairs = total of 46

Haploid cells have 23 chromosomes (that are not paired) = total of 23

Homologous Chromosomes



Sex Determination

Chromosomes determine the sex of an offspring. In humans, a pair of chromosomes called SEX CHROMOSOMES determine the sex.

If you have XX sex chromosomes - you are female

If you have XY sex chromosomes - you are male

During fertilization, sperm cells will either contain an X or a Y chromosome (in addition to 22 other chromosomes - total of 23). If a sperm containing an X chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be female. If a sperm cell containing a Y chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be male.

Creation of a Zygote

When two sex cells, or gametes come together, the resulting fertilized egg is called a ZYGOTE

Zygotes are diploid and have the total 46 chromosomes (in humans)

Karyotype

A karyotype is a picture of a person's (or fetus) chromosomes. A karyotype is often done to determine if the offspring has the correct number of chromosomes. An incorrect number of chromosomes indicates that the child will have a condition, like Down Syndrome

Compare the Karyotypes below













Notice that a person with Down Syndrome has an extra chromosome #21. Instead of a pair, this person has 3 chromosomes - a condition called TRISOMY (tri = three)

Trisomy results when chromosomes fail to separate - NONDISJUNCTION - when sex cells are created. The resulting egg or sperm has 24 instead of the normal 23.

Other conditions result from having the wrong number of chromosomes:

Klinefelters Syndrome - XXY (sex chromosomes)

Edward Syndrome - Trisomy of chromosome #13
4 0
3 years ago
Smooth muscles depolarize as a result of a transmembrane current of ________. smooth muscles depolarize as a result of a transme
Oksana_A [137]
Smooth muscles depolarize as a result of a transmembrane current of Calcium ions.                                                                                                                       When an action potential depolarizes the muscle cell membrane, it also travels into the body of the cell via the t-tubules. Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle is dependent in two sources of calcium in order to intiate contraction. These two sources are calcium sequestered in the S.R. of the smooth muscle cell. 
7 0
3 years ago
Animales that have a symbiotic relationship
storchak [24]
Symbiosis can vary between mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism, tho these grade into each other, it is often difficult to tell which is involved in a given relationship. 
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Please match the word list with the correct definitions please
Leni [432]

Answer:

1. Sex chromosomes.

2. Genotype.

3. Allele.

4. Meiosis.

5. Gametes.

6. Genome.

7. Mitosis.

8. Homologous Chromosomes.

9. Crossing over.

10. Gremlins cells.

11. Zygote.

12. Somatic cells.

13. Independent assortment.

Explanation:

Genetics can be defined as the scientific study of hereditary in living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.

Heredity refers to the transfer of traits (specific characteristics) from the parent of a living organism to her offspring through sexual reproduction or asexual production. Some examples of hereditary traits are dimples, tongue rolling, baldness, handedness, freckles, curly hair, color blindness, height, etc.

The various terminologies used in the field of genetics includes;

1. Sex chromosomes: The chromosomes that determine your biological sex -X and Y.

2. Genotype: The set of alleles an organism inherits.

3. Allele: Versions of a gene that arise through mutation.

4. Meiosis: Cell divisions that occurs in sex cells.

5. Gametes: Egg and sperm cells.

6. Genome: The complete set of genes in an organism.

7. Mitosis: Cell division that occurs in all body cells.

8. Homologous Chromosomes: The matching chromosomes a person inherits from their mother and father.

9. Crossing over: A process that increases genetic diversity during meiosis.

10. Gremlins cells: Cells that divide to produce gametes.

11. Zygote: The cell formed when an egg and sperm meet

12. Somatic cells: Body cells (hair, skin, brain, bone, etc.)

13. Independent assortment: The random lining-up of homologous pairs at the cell's middle.

4 0
3 years ago
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