The Puritans believed that their purpose was to start a new life in America(their mission).
B. Most nations had one primary religion.
The Reformation had occurred in the 16th century (the 1500s). By 1600, the positions had solidified, and nations typically were of one religious position or another. Italy, France and Spain and certain other states remained staunchly Roman Catholic. Most of the German states had become Lutheran, as had Scandinavian countries. England had established the Church of England, its own brand of Protestantism. Many cantons in Switzerland had become enclaves of Calvinism. There wasn't much of a notion yet of religious diversity within the same community or society. Each principality or territory tended to have one official religion operating in it.
There are many different trains of thought that lead Americans to their own mindset about the aid of Middle Eastern independence.
Generally speaking, there are many people who believe that the United States should be the Police of the world or the hero of smaller countries and help them since they have the power to do so.
Others believe that the United States has no rights of interfering in foreign affairs and should mind their own business.
There are those who just don't agree with the idea of sending kids to die for other countries as well, no matter why.