The urine volume would enhance if ADH was not added to the collecting duct. This is because the ADH works on the collecting ducts where the increase permeability for water is improved, so less water is perspired into the urine, so urine evolves more concentrated.
<h3>What happens to urine volume when ADH advances?</h3>
- ADH improves the permeability to water of the distal serpentine tubule and collecting duct, which is normally impervious to water. This effect causes heightened water reabsorption and retention and reduces the volume of urine produced comparable to its ion content.
- In SIADH, the body is unable to subdue the secretion of ADH, conducting to insufficient water excretion and reduced urine output. Normally, when water is ingested, serum tonicity and osmolality reduction, and ADH are quelled, resulting in an output of dilute (less concentrated) urine.
- A hormone that allows blood vessels narrow and helps the kidneys control the portion of water and salt in the body. This enables the control of blood pressure and the quantity of urine that is made. Antidiuretic hormone is made by a portion of the brain called the hypothalamus and is perspired into the blood by the pituitary gland.
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Extrinsic muscles are contained within a region such as the hand or the leg, and the intrinsic muscles move the fingers but are found outside the region.
Answer:
Okay
Explanation:
Human topoisomerase I plays an important role in removing positive DNA supercoils that accumulate ahead of replication forks. It also is the target for camptothecin-based anticancer drugs that act by increasing levels of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA scission. Evidence suggests that cleavage events most likely to generate permanent genomic damage are those that occur ahead of DNA tracking systems. Therefore, it is important to characterize the ability of topoisomerase I to cleave positively supercoiled DNA. Results confirm that the human enzyme maintains higher levels of cleavage with positively as opposed to negatively supercoiled substrates in the absence or presence of anticancer drugs. Enhanced drug efficacy on positively supercoiled DNA is due primarily to an increase in baseline levels of cleavage. Sites of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage do not appear to be affected by supercoil geometry. However, rates of ligation are slower with positively supercoiled substrates. Finally, intercalators enhance topoisomerase I-mediated cleavage of negatively supercoiled substrates but not positively supercoiled or linear DNA. We suggest that these compounds act by altering the perceived topological state of the double helix, making underwound DNA appear to be overwound to the enzyme, and propose that these compounds be referred to as ‘topological poisons of topoisomerase I’
Intoxication. Alcohol slows all of these.
