The hindsight bias is often referred to as the "I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon." It involves the tendency people have to assume that they knew the outcome of an event after the outcome has already been determined
Precontemplation stage of change is expected by Horatio.
Explanation:
Precontemplation is a stage in which people are not serious about changing behavior and are not interested in taking any kind of help from other people. In this state, people protect their present bad habit or habits.
Apart from this, sometimes they can be defensive in front of the other people's efforts to pressure to leave them. In more simple word, in this particular stage people shows no interest in leaving their bad habits and don’t want to discuss their problem with others.
Answer:(d) rewarding alternative behavior patterns, and (e) building empathy toward others.
Explanation:
d)rewarding alternative behavior patterns
Let us say for an example you are a teacher and in class there is a child that is usually agressive but on the days when they are being good you take that opportunity and reward their good behavior this is most likely to encourage that good behaviour. Instead of focusing on punishing the wrong behavior if may be encouraging to reward the good behaviour when it happens.
(e) building empathy toward others.
Empathy means showing that you understand how the other person feels you put yourself in the same situation so when you support them you show that you understand and this has a way of making people feel accepted than judged which may discourage their agressive behavior.
In Cox v. Louisiana, 1965, the Supreme Court upheld
limitations on <span>parades near courthouses. Protesters against racial
discrimination gathered outside a Louisiana courthouse building and
were then instructed by the police to move across the street. Some moments
after, they were disbanded by the police with the use of "tear
gas". </span>
