Chemicals from sea slugs may be useful in <span>sewage treatment plants.
</span>The sewage treatment plants process includes <span> removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household sewage. </span>
The output of the sewage treatment process is treated wastewater that is safer for the environment.
Answer:
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Other Info That Might Help:
In contrast, in eukaryotes, all of the cell's chromosomes are stored inside a structure called the nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones. Humans inherit one set of chromosomes from their mother and a second set from their father.
Answer: X and Y chromosomes.
Explanation:
<u>Chromosome that differs from other chromosomes (autosomes) in shape, size and behavior are called sex chromosome, allosome, heterochromosome or idiochromosome.</u> These sex chromosomes are typical mammalian allosomes and are sex-determining in species in which sex is determined by the XX-XY system. The presence of the XX allosomes determines female sex, while the XY allosomes are for male sex. These chromosomes contain different genes, where some are only on the X chromosome and others only on the Y chromosome, and a few are on both.
The size of the human X chromosome is 164 million bases and currently has 1,170 genes. It is composed of many repetitive DNA segments that do not code for any protein or their function is not known. Only 1.7% of the chromosome codes for functional proteins that are low in length compared to the average length of a human gene. It has a small number of genes known as housekeeping or constitutive -(responsible for the basic maintenance of the cell) and <u>most of the genes it contains are expressed in few tissues or are tissue-specific, which is especially true for those expressed in brain regions.</u> So, the X chromosome is larger and has more euchromatin regions than the <u>Y chromosome which only has genes that code for male sexual development</u>. Since females have two X chromosomes and males have only one, during development in females one of the X chromosomes is inactivated at random in each tissue to make a dosage compensation. Otherwise, females would be expressing twice as many genes as a male. And through inactivation and dosage compensation, both males and females will express the same number of genes.
Answer:
Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in any normal human cell, the first 22 pairs provide directions for an individual's body and brain development. Scientists now estimate that about half of a person's personality traits and cognitive abilities can be traced to genetic influence and that psychological disorders arise from the interactions of many genes.
Explanation:
Chromosomes are small molecules that have the ability to carry all the genetic information needed to form a living being. These chromosomes are donated by an individual's parents and are used to form 23 pairs that determine all the internal and external characteristics of an organism. Among these 23 pairs, one pair will be responsible for determining the individual's gender, and the other 22 pairs will be responsible for the instructions that will make up the entire body and brain of the individual. Many scientists believe that chromosomes are responsible for even a part of a person's personality traits and that the genes they carry are directly related to the existence of psychological disorders.
Due to a reduction in blood volume due to blood donation, the stroke volume will decrease. However, to compensate for this, your heart rate will increase so as to maintain your cardiac output. Cardiac output is stroke volume multiplied with heart rate.
Maintaining normal cardiac output is critical so the whole body receives enough nutrients and oxygen.
