Hi, I believe that it is either the Hudson River or the Albany River! Hope this helped!
B) Adverb - of place (after the object)
Stream of consciousness which came much later than the Romantic writers and artists.
The Second one has to be B. It cannot be the last 2. We as a species have failed to live up to the Romantic ideal. He is lecturing all people, not writing for them. He is disappointed in man's behavior.
I'm sorry I don't know the answer to the third one. My guess would be allusion. He is referring to Greek gods.
This one is really hard especially since it's a baby omg! i.d.k? I would let my child cry cause i.d.k these people.