I believe the term for two similar chromosomes would be homologous chromosomes.
The arteries carry blood away from the heart
Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere naturally when organisms respire or decompose (decay), carbonate rocks are weathered, forest fires occur, and volcanoes erupt. Carbon dioxide is also added to the atmosphere through human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and forests and the production of cement
I believe it’s the Carboxyl group but confirm online. Hope this helped :))