A mutation is a rare, accidental or induced modification of genetic information (DNA or RNA sequence) in the genome.
The consequences of a mutation vary according to the part of the genome affected. A mutation is said to be hereditary if the mutated genetic sequence is passed on to the next generation.
In multicellular animals, germline mutations can be transmitted to offspring, whereas somatic mutations do.
Somatic mutations do not affect cells intended for reproduction, so they are never hereditary:
* Post-zygotic mutations are the mutations that appear in the egg after fertilization. They are rarer and are expressed as mosaic in the individual concerned (the mutation will be present only in the daughter cells originating from the mutated embryonic cell).
* Mutations can appear throughout life on the DNA of any cell; they are then transmitted to the line of the daughter cells. These can, in some cases, become tumor cells and then form cancer.
Answer:
Studies have been conducted on synthetic products, including DDT and estrogen. The use of these synthetic products has been discontinued due to increased risk of cancer and other health concerns. Genetic engineering has increasingly been used in cattle, crops, and pharmaceuticals.
Explanation:
Proteins that are functionally less important for the survival of an organism generally evolve faster than more important proteins.
Proteins serve as the building blocks for all of life's essential processes. The proteins evolve along with the genes that create them, adding new functionality or features that may potentially result in the development of new species.
The mutation of amino acid-coding nucleotides and the stabilization of novel variations in the population are the two phases required for protein evolution.
The stability of a protein's folded structure, how well it prevents aggregation, and how well it is chaperoned all affect how quickly it evolves. According to the studies, the degree of a protein's expression has a greater influence on its evolutionary rate than does the protein's functional significance.
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Answer:Proteins have many different functions, while DNA has limited functions.
Explanation:
Chemicals that make up the living organisms consists of more protein than DNA. This is because proteins have different functions while the function of DNA are limited. Excluding water and fat, the human body is made up almost entirely of protein. Most of the structural framework of the body such as bones, muscle, organs, skin and nails are made up of protein.
Protein are responsible to do most of the work in cells by acting as enzymes, hormones and carriers. Proteins are largely required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.
Answer: Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
The chemolithophs are the prokaryotes which uses inorganic matter in order to make organic materials for the other processes.
These organism get energy by the oxidation of the inorganic compounds. The organism such as human beings breaks down the organic compounds in order to get energy and nutritional building block.
The macro molecule used by the organism is carbon dioxide.
