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critically evaluate the role of a persons rights and responsibilities when executing freedom of expression during verbal interpe

Stells [14]

A person does have basic human rights and one is the freedom of expression. Though this is the case, we should understand that our right to freely express ourselves (from political to religious views), it does not necessarily give us the right to impede another person’s. A play with words can easily hurt or even harass other people, and in return may be a form of human right violation.

3 0

3 years ago

How might targeting rapidly growing cells explain common chemotherapy side effects such as hair loss and nausea

IrinaVladis [17]

Cancer cells are the cells that divide rapidly than any other cells in the body. The drugs used in chemotherapy work on rapidly dividing cancer cells. Some cells of our body apart from cancer cells also divide rapidly along with the cancer cells such as the cells that line the stomach and the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs cannot differentiate the cancer cells and the normal cells so these drugs also attack the normal cells which divide rapidly along with the cancer cells. The drugs also attack the cells that are present in the roots of the hair. So, this results in the hair loss. Hair loss does not occur immediately after the chemotherapy treatment instead it starts after few treatments. The degree of the hair loss after chemotherapy depends on the drug type and process. So when the chemotherapy drugs are used it results in the hair loss and nausea.

Therefore, when chemotherapy drugs attack normal cells including the roots of the hair instead of cancer cells that divide rapidly along with the cancer cells it results in the hair loss and nausea.

3 0

3 years ago

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How did the invention of the microscope change our understanding of microbiology?

steposvetlana [31]

Microscopes allowed scientists to observe Prokaryotic cells which make up Bacteria and Archaea. These cells are small and contain no membrane- bound organelles. It allowed them to observe Eukaryotic cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles that perform different life functions.

6 0

3 years ago

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According to scientists which type of organism formed by endosymbiosis?

nata0808 [166]

Endosymbiosis is the process of one organism living in another, a form of parasite. Flies and other insects live inside of fungi, such as mushroom. Your answer is B. fungi. Have a wonderful day :D

3 0

4 years ago

In Drosophila, the genes for withered wings (whd), smooth abdomen (sm) and speck body (sp) are located on chromosome 2 and are s

lesya692 [45]

Answer:

A) 47; B) 33; C) 272; D) 122

Explanation:

The three genes are linked.

The female with withered wings and a smooth abdomen has the genotype whd sm sp+/whd sm sp+.

The male with a speck body has the genotype whd+ sm+ sp/whd+ sm+ sp.

Both individuals are homozygous for all genes, so each of them only produces one type of gamete. The resulting F1 therefore has the genotype whd sm sp+/ whd+ sm+ sp, heterozygous for all genes and with a wild-type phenotype.

The females of the F1 were mated with homozygous recessive males (test cross): whd sm sp/whd sm sp.

If we assume interference is 0, the probability of crossing over happening between the genes whd and sm is independent from the probability of crossing over happening between sm and sp.

The distance = frequency of recombination × 100, so the frequency of recombination (RF) between genes whd and sm is 0.305 and the RF between genes sm and sp is 0.155.

<u>The expected double crossover progeny among the 1000 offspring will be:</u>

RF whd-sm × RF sm-sp × 1000 =

0.305 × 0.155 × 1000 = 47 individuals will be double crossover.

Interference is 0.3

The interference is calculated as 1- coefficient of coincidence (cc).

cc = observed double crossover/expected double crossover

Therefore:

I = 1 - cc

cc = 1 - I

Observed DCO / 47 = 0.7

Observed DCO = 0.7 × 47

Observed DCO ≅ 33

The parental gametes are whd sm sp+ and whd+ sm+ sp (the genotype of the F1 female is known).

Looking at them and at the gene map we can tell that the gametes that give rise to withered wings, speck body (whd sm+ sp) and smooth abdomen (whd+ sm sp+) phenotypes are the result of recombination occurring between genes whd and sm.

To calculate the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes among the 1000 progeny we need to determine the frequency of recombination between the genes whd and sm considering there's interference.

The distance whd-sm = RF x 100

The recombination frequency is the sum of the single crossover between whd and sm and the double crossovers.

The frequency of DCO is 33/1000=0.033.

Distance whd-sm/ 100 = SCOwhd-sm + DCO

0.305 - 0.033 = SCO whd-sm

<u>Frequency of SCO whd-sm= 0.272</u>

And the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes will be 0.272 x 1000 = 272.

The gametes that originate the phenotypes withered wings, speck body, smooth abdomen (whd sm sp) and wild type (whd+ sm+ sp+) are the result of recombination between genes sm and sp.

Distance sm-sp/ 100 = SCOsm-sp + DCO

0.155 - 0.033 = SCOsm-sp

<u>Frequency of SCO sm-sp= 0.122</u>

And the expected number of individuals with those phenotypes will be 0.122 x 1000 = 122.

6 0

4 years ago