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3 years ago

Let f(x) = 4x – 2 and g(x) = x + 1. Find the following function value. (f - g)(-3)

Mathematics

1 answer:

Nataly [62]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

(f - g)(3) = 6

General Formulas and Concepts:

Pre-Algebra

Order of Operations: BPEMDAS

Algebra I

Function Notation

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Define

f(x) = 4x - 2

g(x) = x + 1

Step 2: Find

Find (f - g)(x)

Substitute: (f - g)(x) = 4x - 2 - (x + 1)
Distribute -1: (f - g)(x) = 4x - 2 - x - 1
Combine like terms: (f - g)(x) = 3x - 3

Find (f - g)(3)

Substitute: (f - g)(3) = 3(3) - 3
Multiply: (f - g)(3) = 9 - 3
Subtract: (f - g)(3) = 6

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Can anyone help me integrate :

worty [1.4K]

Rewrite the second factor in the numerator as

$2x^2+6x+1=2(x+2)^2-2(x+2)-3$

Then in the entire integrand, set $x+2=\sqrt3\sec t$ , so that $\mathrm dx=\sqrt3\sec t\tan t\,\mathrm dt$ . The integral is then equivalent to

$\displaystyle\int\frac{(\sqrt3\sec t-2)(6\sec^2t-2\sqrt3\sec t-3)}{\sqrt{(\sqrt3\sec t)^2-3}}(\sqrt3\sec t)\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{\sqrt{\sec^2t-1}}\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{\sqrt{\tan^2t}}\,\mathrm dt$
$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{|\tan t|}\,\mathrm dt$

Note that by letting $x+2=\sqrt3\sec t$ , we are enforcing an invertible substitution which would make it so that $t=\mathrm{arcsec}\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt3}$ requires $0\le t$ or $\dfrac\pi2$ . However, $\tan t$ is positive over this first interval and negative over the second, so we can't ignore the absolute value.

So let's just assume the integral is being taken over a domain on which $\tan t>0$ so that $|\tan t|=\tan t$ . This allows us to write

$=\displaystyle\int\frac{(6\sqrt3\sec^3t-18\sec^2t+\sqrt3\sec t+6)\sec t}{\tan t}\,\mathrm dt$
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We can show pretty easily that

$\displaystyle\int\csc t\,\mathrm dt=-\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
$\displaystyle\int\sec t\csc t\,\mathrm dt=-\ln|\csc2t+\cot2t|+C$
$\displaystyle\int\sec^2t\csc t\,\mathrm dt=\sec t-\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
$\displaystyle\int\sec^3t\csc t\,\mathrm dt=\frac12\sec^2t+\ln|\tan t|+C$

which means the integral above becomes

$=3\sqrt3\sec^2t+6\sqrt3\ln|\tan t|-18\sec t+18\ln|\csc t+\cot t|-\sqrt3\ln|\csc2t+\cot2t|-6\ln|\csc t+\cot t|+C$
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Back-substituting to get this in terms of $x$ is a bit of a nightmare, but you'll find that, since $t=\mathrm{arcsec}\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt3}$ , we get

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$\sec^2t=\dfrac{(x+2)^2}3$
$\tan t=\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+4x+1}3}$
$\cot t=\sqrt{\dfrac3{x^2+4x+1}}$
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$\csc2t=\dfrac{(x+2)^2}{2\sqrt3\sqrt{x^2+4x+1}}$

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blagie [28]

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Step-by-step explanation:

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