It is known as cloning! Hope this helped!
Answer:
e. None of the above
Explanation:
For me as a Researcher, the reason could be increased Concentration of your DNA sample which you are using as your template. Try to decrease the concentration of DNA (up to 100 ng per reaction is enough and can increase up to 200 ng). so the reason for getting non specific bands is increase concentration of DNA which results in non specific amplification and also degradation of DNA in the reaction which you can see in your gel electrophoresis results.
i always corrected my results using the same technique that is lowering the concentration of DNA between 100 and 200 ng per single reaction of PCR.
During telophase of Mitosis nuclear membranes of two separated nuclei are formed around each set of chromosomes.
<u>Explanation</u>:
Mitosis is the process of cell division part of the cell cycle. Mitosis is classified into four phases which are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. In prophase the nucleolus disappears, chromosomes start to contents and the mitotic spindle starts to appear and bind to the kinetochore of centromere of the chromosomes. In metaphase nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes becomes fully condensed and organized on the metaphase plate in the middle of the nucleus, during anaphase chromosomes are pulled back to their centromeres with the help of spindle fibers and during telophase the chromosomes starts to decondense, the nucleous reappears and nuclear membrane reforms and spindle starts to disappear.
The correct answer is that "the T cell enters a state of anergy".
The activation of T cells requires two signals: (1) antigen specific signal presented by an antigen presenting cell (either a macrophage or a dendritic cell) that activates t cell receptors and (2) co-stimulatory signals that is not antigen specific but rather found in the plasma membrane of the antigen presenting cell (i.e. CD28). In the absence of a co-stimulatory signal, the t cell will enter a state of anergy or the inability to produce an immune response toward an offending antigen.
