<u>Answer:</u>
<em>A plasma membrane is the cellular structure that makes it possible for a cell to differ structurally and biochemically from its surroundings. </em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
<em>Plasma membrane</em> is the surrounding of all the cells. The function of plasma membrane in a cell is to regulate the incoming and outgoing elements from the cell.
<em>Phospholipid bilayer</em> is the main composition of plasma membrane. It makes the cell different from each other structurally as well as makes the cell different in <em>chemical composition </em>too.
They both reproductive Pacific cells
The process is photosynthesis
Anaerobic respiration.
<span>Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration BUT does not use oxygen (O2). It is used when there is not enough O2 for aerobic respiration.
</span><span>It can be summarised by the equation: glucose → lactic acid (+ energy released). However, it releases less energy than aerobic repspiration due to a lack of oxygen resulting in an INCOMPLETE breakdown of glucose.
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In prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation, is an important way to promote genetic diversity. HGT allows even distantly related species to share genes, influencing their phenotypes.
Transformation: Mode of genetic transfer in which “bare DNA” is taken up from the environment is taken up by cells
Transduction: Mode of genetic transfer in which genes are transferred by a bacteriophage to a bacterial cell
Conjugation: Mode of genetic transfer in which two cells must come in contact and genetic material is transferred to a recipient cell from a donor cell through its pili
