Answer:
mutation rates can be used to design molecular clocks in order to estimate divergence times among species
Explanation:
In evolutionary biology, the substitution rates (also known as mutation rates) are used for the development of 'molecular clocks' which allow estimating the divergence times among species or among taxonomic groups. Molecular clocks can be designed by estimating the divergence rate of nucleotide sequences (either DNA or RNA) and amino acid (protein) sequences. These substitution rates can also be used to track how quickly viruses evolve (for example, in a pandemic situation).
Answer:
The given blank can be filled with acquisition.
Explanation:
An unconditioned stimulus provokes the unlearned response and an unconditioned response is the naturally taking place reaction. A neutral stimulus is illustrated as the stimulus that prior to conditioning do not generate any kind of response.
A type of learning wherein a subject begins to react towards neutral stimulus as it would perform with another stimulus by acquiring the path of associating the two stimuli is termed as classical conditioning.
An acquisition can be illustrated as the time of learning in classical conditioning where an individual begins to associate a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that further permits the neutral stimulus to begin possessing the conditioned response.
Answer: white blood cells
Explanation: They fight off the bad bacteria.
Answer:
It would be mutualism because they both benefit from the situation
Explanation:
