Answer:
c. the neutral theory posits that the vast majority of mutations do not influence the fitness of individuals
Explanation:
The neutral theory proposed by Motoo Kimura states that the vast majority of changes at the molecular level (DNA) in a population happens due to genetic drift, not by natural selection, this implies that the mutations are neutral and do not give an advantage to the organisms.
This means that mutant alleles are preserved due to the randomness of life and not because this alleles give selective advantage over other individuals of the population.
Answer:
Temperate climates are generally defined as environments with moderate rainfall spread across the year or portion of the year with sporadic drought, mild to warm summers and cool to cold winters.
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Answer:
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an enzyme required to eliminate toxins such as acetaldehyde and alcohol, thereby mutations in this protein may be associated with the Alcohol flush syndrome (AFS)
Explanation:
ALDH2 is a protein required for ATP generation by catalyzing the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids (i.e., oxidation of NADH to NAD+). Mutations in the ALDH2 gene have been associated with the inactive form of this enzyme, and this specific mutation at position 487 alters its enzymatic activity associated with the metabolism of acetaldehyde and alcohol. This amino acid substitution may lead to the active site-directed inactivation of the enzyme.
The endocrine system is composed of the following:
1) hypothalamus
2) pituitary gland
3) thyroid and parathyroids
4) adrenal glands
5) pineal gland and gonads
6) pancreas
Pituitary gland is involved in gigantism. Pituitary gland produces the growth hormone. Excessive growth hormone released by the pituitary may result to gigantism.
The enlargement of the thyroid gland is called goiter. It is a symptom of hypherthyroidism, a condition wherein levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are highly excessive.
