Muscle hypertrophy occurs when the fibers of the muscles sustain damage or injury. The body repairs damaged fibers by fusing them, which increases the mass and size of the muscles. Certain hormones, including testosterone, human growth hormone, and insulin growth factor, also play a role in muscle growth and repair.
Answer:
Please find the explanation of transcription and translation below using the key words.
Explanation:
Transcription is the process whereby a gene in a DNA template is used to synthesize a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule in the nucleus of the cell. This process of transcription occurs with the aid of an enzyme called RNA POLYMERASE, which adds the nucleotides complementary to the one it reads in the gene to the growing mRNA strand.
Translation, on the other hand, is the second process of gene expression involving the synthesis of proteins from the mRNA sequence. This process occurs in the RIBOSOME where a group of three nucleotides in the mRNA called CODON is read by another group of complementary nucleotide in the transfer RNA (tRNA) called ANTICODON. The tRNA then carries amino acids corresponding to what is read in the codon to the growing polypeptide chain.
Structure C, D, and E in the diagram represent the endoplasmic reticulum, the ribosome, and the Golgi apparatus respectively.
When the ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, they give it a rough appearance.
The ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus work together in the synthesis and transport of protein within the cell. In other words, they are all involved in the secretory pathway of cells.
- The ribosome represents the actual site of protein synthesis.
- The endoplasmic reticulum gets involved by folding the synthesized proteins and packaging them into secretory vesicles. Thereafter, the vesicles are transported to the Golgi apparatus.
- The packaged proteins undergo further processing within the Golgi apparatus before they are exported to the cell membrane via the cytosol.
In other words, the 3 organelles work together to form the secretory pathway of the cell. They are involved in the synthesis, packaging, processing, and eventual transport of proteins to their target sites.
More on the secretory pathway can be found here: brainly.com/question/4678228
Cell Membrane pump works to regulate the Sodium and Potassium. The channel will open and allow Sodium in while releasing Potassium.
Answer:
seed cones and pollen cones
Explanation:
In gymnosperms, their reproductive structures include the pollen cones, which produce pollen grains or the male gametophyte; and the seed cones, which produce female gametophyte.
