Pioneer species are the first species to arrive in an area after succession (hope this helped because i dont know about climax communities)
Answer is: the freezing point is 1.63°C and boiling point is 82.01°C.<span>.
1) n(</span><span>nonelectrolyte solute) = 0.656 mol.
</span>m(C₆H₆ - benzene) = 869 g ÷ 1000 g/kg.
m(C₆H₆) = 0.869 kg.<span>
b(solution) = n(</span>nonelectrolyte solute) ÷ m(C₆H₆).<span>
b(solution) = 0.656 mol ÷ 0.869 kg.
b(solution) = 0.754 mol/kg.
2) ΔT = Kf(benzene) · b(solution).
ΔT = 5.12°C/m · 0.754 m.
ΔT = 3.865°C.
Tf = 5.50°C - 3.865°C.
Tf = 1.63°C.
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3) ΔTb = Kb(benzene) · b(solution).
ΔTb = 2.53°C/m · 0.754 m.
ΔTb = 1.91°C.
Tb = 80.1°C + 1.91°C.
Tb = 82.01°C.<span>
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Group 7a would have an ion charge of -1 because it has 7 valence electrons and it wants to gain one more electron(which is negative) to have a full shell of 8
The difference in
hardness between diamond and graphite is that diamond has an ordered
arrangement of atoms within its structure that makes it harder and stronger
than graphite. This is due to the high pressure and high temperature that it
went.
