Precambrian time, the Paleozoic era, the Mesozoic era, and the Cenozoic era
The cancer-causing genes that respond to the hdac inhibitors are likely to be Proto-oncogenes.
What is gene?
The term "gene" has a variety of meanings in biology. The molecular gene is a segment of nucleotides in DNA that's also translated to produce a functional RNA, whereas the Mendelian gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Protein-coding genes as well as noncoding genes are the two categories of molecular genes. DNA will be first copied into RNA during gene expression. The RNA may perform a specific function directly or may serve as an intermediate template for just a protein. The basis for the inheritance of phenotypical is the transfer of genes to an organism's progeny.
To learn more about gene
brainly.com/question/1480756
#SPJ4
Answer:
The correct answer is: Immunosenescence.
Explanation:
- Immunosenescence can be defined as a biological age-related phenomenon due to which the cells of the immune system are unable to function efficiently with increase in age.
- As a result of this the aged individuals becomes susceptible to various infections and diseases.
- This happens because of the following reasons:
- The immune cells are formed from the progenitor cells called the Hematopoetic Stem Cells (HSCs) which are abundantly found in the bone marrow. These cells have the capacity of self-renewal and also differentiation into various types of immune cells. Due to aging, these cells accumulate large number of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that that causes oxidative damage to the DNA. Also, with age the telomere (the repititive DNA sequence located at the chromosome terminal that protects the end of the chromosome from undergoing recombination or fusion with other chromosomes) length shortens resulting in the generation of damage in DNA. All these reduces the self renewal and differentiation capacity of these cells.
- Other cells of the immune system like, the white blood cells, anti-body producing B-cells, cytotoxicity inducing T-cells, natural killer cells also accumulate similar DNA degrading components. This reduces their life time and also the efficiency of their activity.
The best definition of the texture of soil would be: Rough and damp
The answer B. Chromosomes
