The incorrect answer is D. One should seek to avoid all stress.
While too much stress is physically and emotionally harmful for us, some stress is normal and actually important. Good stress (our fight-or-flight response) is crucial for our survival, and it motivates us to handle our day-to-day challenges.
Answer:
a. conformity
Explanation:
This is an example of conformity. Conformity refers to the act of matching attitudes, beliefs and behaviours to those of other groups. This is a tendency that most people follow when living in society. People conform, rather than seek their individuality, due to the fact that it is often easier to follow the path of others rather than creating a new one for ourselves. Other reasons include trying to belong to a social group for company, security or status.
Two variables that move in opposite directions are: negative correlation. A negative correlation exists when two variables move in opposite directions. In other words, as variable A rises, variable B falls. An inverse correlation is another name for a negative correlation.
A variable is defined as any property, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted. A variable is also known as a data item. Variables include age, gender, business income and expenses, country of birth, capital expenditure, class grades, eye color, and vehicle type.
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Answer:
Variable Ratio Schedule
Explanation:
First, there are two different types of reinforcement:
The positive reinforcement applies a stimulus to increase the frequency of the desirable variable.
The negative reinforcement removes a stimulus to increase the frequency of the desirable variable.
However, the positive reinforcement divides itself in different types:
A continuous reinforcement schedule gives us a reinforcement every time we engaged in the desired conduct.
On the other side, the partial reinforcement schedule also divides itself in
And these divide themselves in fixed or variable.
- The fixed ratio schedule gives a reinforcement after a <u>fixed number</u> of desired responses.
- The variable ratio schedule gives a reinforcement after a <u>changing</u> <u>number</u> of desired responses.
- The fixed interval schedule gives a reinforcement after a <u>constant amount of time.</u>
- The variable interval schedule gives a reinforcement after a <u>variable amount of time.</u>
In the example, the rats get a pellet of food, so we're talking about a reinforcement. They <u>don't get a reward EVERY TIME</u> they press the bar so we are not talking about a continuous reinforcement but a partial reinforcement. Since the rats press the bar and get a reward after certain <u>NUMBER</u> of times, we're talking about a ratio schedule. Finally, the number of times they need to press the bar to get a reward <u>VARIES</u> from trial to trial so this is a Variable Ratio Schedule.