I believe what you're looking for is economics, but I could be wrong.
The geography of Southwest Asia opens up a space for a good connection between the countries and thus to create similar, if not same, cultural traits because of the absence of natural blockades between them, so the communication is easily manageable. Still, the region is dominated by deserts, so even though there's no big mountain ranges between them, it makes it difficult, apart from the coastal areas. Now even though the open terrain usually contributes to good relations, it occasionally causes problems as well, and this region is a perfect example of that, because lots of the countries are in very bad relations.
Europe, because Australia was once a British colony
Answer: In Society in America, British sociologist ____ examined religion, politics, child rearing, slavery, and immigration to the United States, paying special attention to social distinctions based on class, race, and gender.
d. Harriet Martineau
Explanation: Harriet Martineau was a British social theorist and Whig writer, often cited as the first female sociologist. Martineau said of her own approach to writing: "when one studies a society, one must focus on all its aspects, including key political, religious, and social institutions". She believed a thorough societal analysis was necessary to understand women's status under men.