The steps of fracture repair include:
- Hematoma formation.
- Fibrocartilage Callus Formation.
- Bony Callus Formation.
- Bone remodeling.
<h3>What is a fracture?</h3>
A fracture is a complete or partial break in a bone. The causes of bone fractures include trauma, overuse, and diseases that weaken bones.
In this case, Kyndall was lucky because the fracture occurred about 3 inches below the epiphyseal plate as this means the fracture does not break through the bone at the growth plate.
An improperly treated growth plate fracture could result in a fractured bone.
Lastly, the type of fracture is a nondisplaced fracture is one in which the bone cracks or breaks but retains its proper alignment.
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The right answer is D (less responsive to antigens)
It is proven that, after puberty, thymus activity (an organ that is included in the lymphatic system, producing T cells that pick up antigens) decreases and that in adult and aged people the thymus has no role. Work done in humans indicate that in fact the cellularity begins to decline from birth in favor of lymphocyte perivascular spaces and connective and adipose tissue, which leads to a decrease in the capture of antigens.
D. Photosynthesis only takes place in the light, while cellular respiration takes place in the light and dark.
Striated muscles contain repeating sarcomeres of overlapping arrays of long, thin actin and thicker myosin filaments. Myosin filaments contains the myosin heads, which are enzymes that can bind to actin, split and make use of the energy from ATP. When muscle contraction starts, myosin heads bind to actin, change their configuration on actin, liberating the products of ATP hydrolysis and causing slide of the actin and myosin filaments. The action of the proteins troponin and tropomyosin on the actin filaments regulates vertebrae striated muscle contraction. The release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is triggered by the nervous stimulation which causes depolarization of muscle membrane. Calcium ions bind to troponin and thus cause or allow the tropomyosin strands on the actin filament to move so that the part of the actin surface where myosin heads need to bind is uncovered. Contraction then occurs and only stops when the sarcoplasmic reticulum pumps calcium out of the muscle interior.
So basically, what triggers the uncovering of the myosin binding site on actin is the calcium ions binding to troponin and changing configuration.
