Explanation:
The long-running debate between the ‘rational design’ and ‘emergent process’ schools of strategy formation has involved caricatures of firms' strategic planning processes, but little empirical evidence of whether and how companies plan. Despite the presumption that environmental turbulence renders conventional strategic planning all but impossible, the evidence from the corporate sector suggests that reports of the demise of strategic planning are greatly exaggerated. The goal of this paper is to fill this empirical gap by describing the characteristics of the strategic planning systems of multinational, multibusiness companies faced with volatile, unpredictable business environments. In-depth case studies of the planning systems of eight of the world's largest oil companies identified fundamental changes in the nature and role of strategic planning since the end of the 1970s. The findings point to a possible reconciliation of ‘design’ and ‘process’ approaches to strategy formulation. The study pointed to a process of planned emergence in which strategic planning systems provided a mechanism for coordinating decentralized strategy formulation within a structure of demanding performance targets and clear corporate guidelines. The study shows that these planning systems fostered adaptation and responsiveness, but showed limited innovation and analytical sophistication
Answer:
A. slopes upward for normal goods and downward for inferior goods.
Explanation:
In the case of Engle curve it plots the relationship between income and demand for a good.
In the case of the normal goods, as the income rises the demand also rises while on the other hand in the case of inferior goods, the income rises the demand false
So it sloped upward for the normal goods and slop downwards for the inferior goods
Answer:
297,500 shares
Explanation:
Basic Earning per share is calculated dividing Earning for the year excluding preferred dividend by weighted average number of shares.
Weighted average number of shares are used to calculate the basic earning per share.
Weighted Average Number of Diluted Shares = (300,000 x 6/12 ) + ( 300,000 x 105% x 3/12 ) + [ ( (300,000 x 105%) - 40,000) x 3/12 ) ]
Weighted Average Number of Shares = 150,000 + 78,750 + 68,750
Weighted Average Number of Shares = 297,500 shares
Answer:
Hello here's the answer!
Explanation:
A
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E
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Determining that the study has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks is the best example of how the Principle of Beneficence can be applied to a study employing human subjects.
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Explanation:</u></h3>
The principle of beneficence demands that the human subjects have self-determination. Also if some of the human subjects do not have the power to take decisions, the investigators should make sure that the human subjects are not harmed. The researchers should increase the chances of benefits and decrease the amount of risk.
The research studies which include human subjects, even those that have very little risk should not be taken into consideration if it does not create scientifically valid or presents us new facts. It is very confusing for the researchers to determine when the benefits should be taken into consideration because of the risks and benefits should be sought despite the risks.