45. What is known as the smallest particle of an element ?

Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph? A graph entitled Number of people living with H I V, number of peopl

galben [10]

The graph is not given in the question and options are also not clear, so the required graph is attached below and the clear options are also given below:

Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph? A graph entitled Number of people living with H I V, number of people newly infected with H I V and number of AIDS deaths worldwide from 1990 to 2008 in millions is shown. Year is on the horizontal axis and number of people is on the vertical axis. The number of people living with H I V steadily increases over the years. The number of people newly infected increased from 1990 to 1996 and then began to decrease. The number of deaths due to AIDS increased from 1990 to 2002, and then began to level off and decrease.

A. Since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV.

B. Since 1990, both the number of new HIV infections and the number of deaths due to AIDS has consistently increased

C. The life span of a person living with HIV has become shorter.

D. Twice as many people were living with HIV in 2008 than in 2000.

Answer:

A. Since 2000, there has been an increase in the number of people living with HIV, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV.

Explanation:

According to the data shown in the graph, since 2000, the people living with HIV has been increased, but a decrease in the number of people newly infected with HIV.

The reason behind this can be early screening of the infection since 2000 and awareness among people decreasing the infection rate as well.

Hence, the correct option is A.

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3 years ago

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In thick skin, there is an extra layer of epidermal cells. this layer is called the stratum ______.

maria [59]

Answer:

stratum corneum

Explanation:

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3 years ago

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The tundra ecosystem of Alaska is known as a “cold desert.” It receives very little precipitation, about four inches annually. H

vlabodo [156]

Answer:

Biotic factors of tundra ecosystem: migratory bird species and mammals such as caribou, foxes, bears, and small rodents.

Explanation:

Biotic component of an ecosystem are the total of all the species of living beings present in the system. It includes species of plant, animals and microbes. Since tundra ecosystem is habitat for migratory bird species and mammals such as caribou, foxes, bears, and small rodents; these living beings serve as biotic component for the system.

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3 years ago

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State two precautions people should take when a hurricane warning is issued?

Rainbow [258]

There are several precautions that should be taken during catastrophic weather. In the case of a hurricane warning two precautions you should take immediately are:
1. Fortifying your house: In doing this you give your home the utmost care and protection needed to give it the best chance to minimize damage.
2. Evacuate: This is more or less common sense. whenever there is a massive storm most evacuations are mandatory. Regardless whenever a storm is likely to hit your area it is best to pack up pets and all essentials and head for the safest area as quickly as possible. waiting till the last minute could get you stuck in traffic causing you to be caught in your car during the store which is more dangerous than remaining in your own house.

7 0

3 years ago

In your experiment, you found the following offspring only:Tall green: 626 offspring.Tall yellow: 313 offspring.Short green: 309

Karo-lina-s [1.5K]

Complete question:

1. You found a new species of garden pea and have decided to repeat Mendel’s experiments. You have obtained two true-breeding pea plants that are tall (T) with yellow pods (g), and short (t) with green pods (G), respectively. Capital letters indicate dominant traits.

a. What is the genotype and phenotype of the F1 generation? (2p)

b. You allowed self-fertilization in F1 generation and obtained F2 generation. Using Punnett square to obtain the phenotypes, genotypes and their respective ratios. (4p)

2. If you obtained 1248 offspring in the F2 generation in Question 1, calculate how many offspring of each phenotypic class you would expect to have. (4p)

3. When you finish questions 1 and 2, under what assumption/hypothesis did you perform your analysis/calculation? Is there an alternative assumption/hypothesis, which may result in a different conclusion? If yes, what is the alternative assumption/hypothesis and what kind of offspring and in what numbers do you expect to obtain? (4p)

4. You only need to answer A or B to get this 6p. Please indicate which question you are answering. In your experiment, you found the following offspring only: Tall green: 626 offspring. Tall yellow: 313 offspring. Short green: 309 offspring.

A: If you stay with your original hypothesis/assumption, test it using chi2 test and analyze the result (whether you want to reject the hypothesis and why).

B: If you believe that the alternative hypothesis fits better with your data, test it using chi2 test and analyze the result (whether you want to accept the hypothesis and why).

Answer:

1) a. 100% of the progeny will be dihybrid, TtGg, exhibiting the phenotype

Tall plants with green pods.

b. F2 Gentotype:

1/16 TTGG
2/16 TTGg
1/16 TTgg
2/16 TtGG
4/16 TtGg
2/16 Ttgg
1/16 ttGG
2/16 ttGg
1/6 ttgg

F2 Phenotype:

9/16 Tall plants with green pods (T-G-)
3/16 Tall plants with yellow pods (T-gg)
3/16 Short plants with green pods (ttG-)
1/16 Short plants with yellow pods (ttgg)

Phenotypic ratio → 9:3:3:1

2) T-G- → 702 individuals

T-gg → 234 individuals

ttG- → 234 individuals

ttgg → 78 individuals

3)

Null Hypothesis: The population is under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The alleles of this population assort independently.

Alternative Hypothesis: The population is not in equilibrium. Alleles do not assort independently.

4) a. There is enough evidence to <u>reject the null hypothesis</u>, meaning that the difference between the observed number of individuals and the expected ones is statistically significant. The population is not under equilibrium H-W. Alleles do not assort independently.

Explanation:

1) 1st Cross: True-breeding tall (T) with yellow pods (g) pea plant with a short (t) with green pods (G) plant

Tall and Green pods are the dominant traits,
Short and yellow pods are recessive traits.

Parentals) TTgg x ttGG

Gametes) Tg, Tg, Tg, Tg tG, tG, tG, tG

F1) 100% of the progeny will be dihybrid, TtGg, exhibiting the phenotype

Tall plants with green pods.

2nd Cross: F1 self-fertilization

Parentals) TtGg x TtGg

Gametes) TG, Tg, tG, tg

TG, Tg, tG, tg

Punnett square) TG Tg tG tg

TG TTGG TTGg TtGG TtGg

Tg TTGg TTgg TtGg Ttgg

tG TtGG TtGg ttGG ttGg

tg TtGg Ttgg ttGg ttgg

F2) Gentotype:

1/16 TTGG
2/16 TTGg
1/16 TTgg
2/16 TtGG
4/16 TtGg
2/16 Ttgg
1/16 ttGG
2/16 ttGg
1/6 ttgg

Phenotype:

9/16 Tall plants with green pods (T-G-)
3/16 Tall plants with yellow pods (T-gg)
3/16 Short plants with green pods (ttG-)
1/16 Short plants with yellow pods (ttgg)

Phenotypic ratio → 9:3:3:1

2) The total number of individuals in the F2 is 1248.

16 ----------------- 1248 individuals --------------- 100% of the progeny

9 T-G- ----------- X = 702 individuals-------------X = 56.25%

3 T-gg ----------- X = 234 individuals ----------- X = 18.75%

3 ttG- ------------- X = 234 individuals ---------- X = 18.75%

1 ttgg ------------- X = 78 individuals ------------ X = 6.25%

3)

Hypothesis: The population is under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The alleles of this population assort independently.

Alternative Hypothesis: The population is not in equilibrium. Alleles do not assort independently

4) F2 composed of:

Tall green: 626 offspring.
Tall yellow: 313 offspring.
Short green: 309 offspring.

Tall/Green Tall/Yellow Short/Green Short/Yellow

Observed 626 313 309 0

Expected 702 234 234 78

(Obs-Exp)²/Exp 8.23 26.7 24 78

X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp = 8.23 + 23.7 + 24 + 78 = 136.93 ≅ 137

Freedom degrees = genotypes - number of alleles = 9 - 4 = 5

Significance level, 5% = 0.05

Table value/ Critical value = 11.07

X² = 137

X² > Critica value

137 > 11.07

There is enough evidence to <u>reject the null hypothesis</u>, meaning that the difference between the observed number of individuals and the expected ones is statistically significant. The population is not under equilibrium H-W. Alleles do not assort independently.

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3 years ago