Answer:
Endoderm
Explanation:
The embryo has three germ layers. The ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The endoderm is the innermost layer. Other than the endocrine glands, the other tissues that develop from the endoderm are the gastrointestinal tract, urinary and auditory system, and the respiratory tract.
Explanation:
- Light energy is absorbed and transferred to the reaction center.
- A water molecule is split.
- Electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem I.
- ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
Further Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a chemical pathway that’s integral to producing energy in plants and other primary producers. Energy in the form of molecules of glucose is produced from light, water and carbon dioxide while oxygen is released. This occurs in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent. This occurs in the thykaloids, where pigment molecules like chlorophyll reside.
The chloroplast is a membrane bound organelle found in plants. It contains several invaginations of a plasma membrane called the thylakoid membrane. This contains chlorophyll pigments, in stacks called granum, while the internal spaces of the organelle are called the lumen. Liquid surrounds the granum, forming the stroma.
During the light reaction:
- Light is absorbed by pigments in phosystem II (PSII). This energy is transferred among pigments til it gets to the reaction center, and is transferred to P680; this promotes an electron to a higher energy level where it then goes to an acceptor molecule.
- Water supplies the chlorophyll in plant cell with replacement electrons for the ones removed from photosystem II. Additionally, water (H2O) split by light during photolysis into H+ and OH- acts as a source of oxygen along with functioning as a reducing agent.
- the electron moves down an electron transport chain (ti PS I)where it experiences continuous energy loss. This energy fuels the pumping of H+ from the stroma to thykaloid, leading to the formation of a gradient. The H+ move along their gradient and cross through ATP synthase, into the the stroma.
- ATP synthase converts ADP and Pi to the energy storage molecule ATP.
- The electron gets to photosystem I where it goes to pigments at P700. It absorbs light energy, the electron is promoted to a higher energy level, and passed to an electron acceptor. This leaves a space for another electron which is then replaced by one from photosystem II.
- in the ETC, the molecule NADP is reduced to NADPH by providing H+ ions. NADP and NADPH are integral to the Calvin cycle where monosaccharides or sugars like glucose are produced after the modification of several molecules.
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Answer:
ANSWER : a wide range of environmental conditions that shapes communities.
Explanation:
Climate can easily be described as the average weather which occurs in a place over a long period of time probably over many years. The ecosystems and habitats around the earth are shaped due to climate as particular climate can be best for the living condition of one organism but be devastating for the living of another organism. The effect of climate on living communities is such devastating that a change in climate can cause the extinction of a particular kind of species. Climate shall not be confused with weather which is day to day temperature change.
Answer:
If one wants to estimate the cost of living of an individual, then the factors such as salary, age, marital status, etc. are independent variables, while the cost of living of a person is highly dependent on such factors. Therefore, they are designated as the dependent variable.
Cell division involves two processes mitosis and meiosis. Both of these processes are involved to help the cell divide and result to two diploid daughter cells and for meiosis four haploid daughter cells.
<span>A normal, typical and functional cell undergoes cell cycle in normal fashion and eventually reaches apoptosis. Yet cancer cells fail to display just some of these characteristics.
</span><span>The cycle cycle; mitosis occurs more in your body since it changes, modifies and requires cell division at maximum rate in many useful situations with the stand to a particular system and organ. Mitosis and meiosis are simply cell division processes that occurs differently, they're characteristically divergent from each other according to their function and structure. Mitosis is the cell division that happens in all cells in the human body except sperm and egg cells. They produce diploid cells.</span>