When full-scale war erupted between China and Japan in 1937, the United States asserted that Japan had violated the Open Door policy in China and the Washington Naval Conference agreements.
Explanation:
The Open Door Policy is a concept in foreign policy and economics. As a theory, it originally postulated that there should be the same trading conditions for each one of the great powers in China. On the basis of the Unequal Treaties signed between China and the European powers after the Opium Wars, there would be unrestricted access to Chinese commercial markets.
This policy would grant the various international powers with equal access to China, without any of them being in full control of the country. In theory, the policy was aimed at safeguarding Chinese sovereignty and the territorial integrity of the partition. In fact, it was used primarily to mediate conflicting interests of the colonial powers, without the very significant entry of the Chinese, thus creating a lingering resentment that has been seen as a symbol of national humiliation by many Chinese historians.
Benito Mussolini was an Italian political leader who became the fascist dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945. Originally a revolutionary socialist, he forged the paramilitary fascist movement in 1919 and became prime minister in 1922.
