The correct answer <em>is a Terrace</em>.
A farmer living on the edge of a steep mountain that would like to increase the number of crops he can grow, can build a terrace, one Inca advancement that could be of the most use for him.
The region of the Andes is a place where the tallest and difficult to access mountains exist. However, the Incas developed intelligent ways to harvest crops to take advantage of the steepest areas in the high mountains. They built terraces, cisterns and irrigation canals in the form of “s” or snakes in the slopes to angled down around the hills and mountains. The terraces covered thousands of hectares in ancient Peru, where Incas grew potatoes and corn.
"From the mid-1970s there were new claims for the independent invention of iron smelting on central Niger and from 1994–1999 UNESCO funded an initiative "Les Routes du Fer en Afrique/The Iron Routes in Africa" to investigate the origins and spread of iron metallurgy in Africa. This funded both the conference on the early iron in Africa and the Mediterranean and a volume, published by UNESCO, that has generated much controversy because it included only authors sympathetic to the view that iron was independently invented in Africa. Two major reviews of the evidence were published in the mid-2000s. Both authors concluded that there were major technical flaws in each of the studies claiming the independent invention. Three major issues were identified. The first was whether the material dated by radiocarbon was insecure archaeological association with iron-working residues. (Many of the dates from Niger, for example, were on organic matter in potsherds that were lying on the ground surface together with iron objects). The second issue is the possible effect of "old carbon" - wood or charcoal much older than the time at which iron was smelted. This is a particular problem in Niger, where the charred stumps of ancient trees are a potential source of charcoal and have sometimes been misidentified as smelting furnaces. A third issue is the inherent lack of precision of the radiocarbon method itself in the range from 800 to 400 BC, which is attributable to the irregular production of radiocarbon in the upper atmosphere. Unfortunately, most radiocarbon dates for the initial spread of iron metallurgy in sub-Saharan Africa fall within this range."
The French naturalist who in 1749 became one of the first scientists to suggest that closely-related species arose from a common ancestor and were changing was Georges Buffon.
<h3>Who is Georges Buffon?</h3>
Georges-Louis Lecrerc, Comte de Buffon (1707-1788) was a French naturalist and cosmologist who influenced the thinking of later naturalists. One idea was that animals of different species could be crossbred. But the offspring of the crossbred animals become infertile. Another of Buffon's ideas was that each species changes over time and this is the starting point for the modern theory of evolution.
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