Set this up as a ratio of proportions of petrol : oil
and if the ratio of the mix has to be 5p to 2 oil then:
We need to find how much oil, x, is needed to mix with 10 liters of petrol. Completing the proportion with that ratio gives us the problem in its entirety:
and cross multiply
5x = 20 so
x = 4 liters of oil are needed to mix with 10 liters of petrol.