Complete question:
Which of the following pairs represent homologous structures?
- Wings of grasshopper and forelimbs of flying squirrel
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Tentacles of Hydra and arms of starfish
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Forelimbs of a bat and forelegs of a horse
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Wings of a bird and wings of a moth
Answer:
3. Forelimbs of a bat and forelegs of a horse
Explanation:
Homologous characters are structures with the same basic elements. Their position in the body and the relations with adjacent structures are also the same in different organisms, and they even share the same embryological development.
These structures might show variations between the organisms exhibiting them. Variations might be related to their function and to the environment in which the organism lives. The function they accomplish is not necessarily the same in all the organisms involved.
These homologous characters are present in organisms related that share a common ancestor.
For example, whales, humans, and cats all have the same bones in the same order, but they matured differently in later embryological development.
Among the options, the only possible pair that represents homologous characters is option <em>3. Forelimbs of a bat and forelegs of a horse</em>. Both structures are the anterior extremities of the animals and share the same bones, even though they might differ in the development degree. Forelimbs and forelegs have the same position and relation with other structures in the body, and embryologically, they are the same.
The plant
cells vacuole is larger compared to the animals cells' because the plants
vacuoles takes up 90% of the cells volumes. Vacuole stores food for the
organism. In this case since, plants manufacture their own food, it is
necessary for it to have a large storage space or a large vacuole.
In biology, evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection. The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species? are related and gradually change over time.
Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat , kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy , electrical, or other forms. Energy is the ability to do work. Energy sources could be classified as Renewable and Non-renewable.
The Eukaryotes are most effortless because they manage not to transmit genetic material to each other besides when they are reproducing.
<h3>What is the phylogenetic tree?</h3>
Techniques used to determine phylogenetic relationships among groups of animals is called a phylogenetic tree.
A phylogenetic tree is based on genetic homology. It involves using anatomical traits to reveal evolutionary relationships among species.
Thus, The Eukaryotes are most easiest to determine the phylogenetic relationships among organisms.
To learn more about phylogenetic relationships click here:
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