Answer: Externalities are side effects (good or bad) that occur when a person or a company performs an activity and does not assume all the costs of it, or all the benefits that could be reported. In this way we can distinguish:
Negative externality: Arises when not all the costs of a negative effects are assumed. In these cases, a social cost is generated, since it is the whole society that suffers the consequences of its actions. And the market price does not collect this cost.
Positive externality: Arises from a positive effect that is not reported as a benefit. An example of positive externality that we can mention is scientific research, from which society in general benefits. In these cases, market place do not reflect the real benefits.
Answer:
A. Social media poses a threat to more traditional media outlets.
Explanation:
the statement that best expresses the authors' claim is that social media poses a threat to more traditional media outlets.
from the options above, the only claim is option A, the rest options are just statements and opinions.
Answer: B. Punishment
Explanation: There are different learning processes, one of such is operant conditioning which is an associative type of learning process which is used to modify a stimulus or behavior. These modifications are made using either reinforcement or punishment.
Punishment is used to reduce or completely eliminate a behavior or stimulus. It is a change that occurs after a stimulus such that it reduces or completely eliminates the occurrence of such behavior again in the future. While reinforcement increase the chances of reoccurence of such behavior.
I believe it should, its more a matter of personal opinion though
The tendency to hold onto losing stocks in the hope that they will recoup is called loss aversion.
Loss aversion is a cognitive bias that explains why the pain of loss has twice as much psychological impact as the joy of winning. Losing money or another valuable item can feel worse than gaining the same. This principle is prominent in the field of economics. What distinguishes loss aversion from risk aversion is that the utility of monetary rewards depends on what has been previously experienced or expected.
In the realm of behavioral choice, 'loss aversion' is a behavioral phenomenon in which individuals exhibit greater sensitivity to potential losses than gains. Conversely, “risk-averse” people have an increased sensitivity/aversion to options with uncertain outcomes.
Learn more about stocks here: brainly.com/question/690070
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