To ban cars that have the use of gasoline and buy electric cars we can get the electric cars electricity by using an efficient way to turn solar energy into electricity. we mainly use solar panels for that...
What do you mean with 12 century leaders. Are you sure it says 12 century?
Its been a while since I did this topic, but I believe it was mostly because under communism there was little work for intellectuals, so they were often the ones who left the country. This resulted in a 'brain drain', a lack of knowledgable people. I seem to remember reading about the entire maths department of a university just up and leaving at one point. You could also argue that it was damaging for the image of communism if so many people were trying to leave.